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How does Foshan special glass fire-resistant glass factory achieve fire resistance limit through multi-layer structure?

Release time:

Mar 18,2025

Fire-rated glass achieves its fire resistance rating through a multi-layered structure, primarily relying on its special construction and material selection. A detailed explanation is provided below:

I. Multi-layered Structure

The basic structure of fire-rated glass typically includes multiple layers of glass and an intermediate interlayer material. These layered structures work together during a fire to effectively prevent the spread of flames and smoke.

Multiple Layers of Glass: Fire-rated glass can consist of two or more layers of glass sheets. These glass sheets can be tempered glass, laminated glass, etc., and they themselves possess high strength and heat resistance. In a fire, the multi-layered glass structure may undergo some deformation, causing the glass to crack locally, forming a transparent hole, allowing hot gases and smoke to escape through the glass hole, thus preventing smoke spread and reducing the fire intensity.

Intermediate Interlayer Material: The interlayer material located between the multiple layers of glass is crucial for achieving the fire resistance rating of the fire-rated glass. These interlayer materials expand at high temperatures, sealing holes, preventing flames from conducting inward through the glass holes. They can also absorb heat, slowing the rate of temperature increase, thereby protecting the people and property inside the building.

II. Material Selection and Fire Prevention Mechanism

Intumescent Fire-retardant Adhesive: In composite fire-rated glass, two or more glass sheets are bonded together using an intumescent fire-retardant adhesive. This adhesive rapidly expands and foams at high temperatures, forming a dense fire-resistant layer that prevents the transmission of flames and high temperatures.

Fire-retardant Liquid or Adhesive: In poured fire-rated glass, fire-retardant liquid or adhesive is poured through a pouring port and sealed with an adhesive. These substances also rapidly foam and expand at high temperatures, forming a fire-retardant and heat-insulating layer.

Nano-silicon Fire-retardant Adhesive: Some advanced fire-rated glass uses nano-silicon fire-retardant adhesive as the interlayer material. This adhesive can form a hard fire-resistant plate at high temperatures, effectively isolating flames, smoke and toxic gases, while also blocking the heat from the burning flame.

Metal Wire Mesh: In wire-reinforced fire-rated glass, the addition of a metal wire mesh to the glass enhances its fire-resistant properties. The metal wire mesh can hold the glass fragments in place, preventing flames from penetrating, thus preventing the spread of fire.

III. Achieving Fire Resistance Rating

The fire resistance rating of fire-rated glass refers to the period of time, under standard fire test conditions, from when the glass component is exposed to fire until it loses its integrity or insulation properties. Through rational multi-layered structural design and material selection, fire-rated glass can achieve fire resistance ratings of varying levels, ranging from 0.5 hours to 3 hours, to meet various fire protection needs.

Specifically, fire-rated glass can, in a fire:

Prevent Flame Penetration: Through the synergistic effect of multiple layers of glass and the intermediate interlayer material, it effectively prevents flames from penetrating the glass.

Slow Temperature Rise: The intermediate interlayer material absorbs heat, slowing the rate of temperature increase on the back of the glass, thereby protecting people and property inside the building.

Prevent Smoke Spread: The multi-layered glass structure can allow smoke to escape through transparent holes, preventing smoke from spreading inside the building.

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